Make the case that black holes are solitons.
In the context of gravitational collapse, black holes can be viewed as solitons because they form through a self-organizing process that leads to the concentration of matter and the creation of a stable, localized object with a unique set of properties. This process is similar to the formation of other solitons, such as the Korteweg–de Vries equation, which describes the formation of stable waves in a dispersive medium.
In addition, black holes exhibit properties that are similar to those of solitons, such as the no-hair theorem, which states that black holes are characterized only by their mass, charge, and angular momentum, and the Penrose process, which allows energy to be extracted from a black hole by breaking up into two pieces that have opposite spins.
Furthermore, black holes exhibit a number of other properties that are characteristic of solitons, such as stability, the ability to maintain their shape and properties over time, and the ability to interact with other objects in a predictable manner.
Overall, while the soliton nature of black holes is still a matter of debate among researchers, there is evidence to support the view that black holes can be viewed as solitons in certain contexts, such as the study of gravitational collapse and the formation of singularities in general relativity.